Geat Vs. Greek :: essays research papers

Geat vs. GreekPaternal Injunction in Beowulf and The IliadPicture this. Inside the hall, mighty shields and fl are swords await the visitors arrival. Skillfully crafted armor decorations proclaim great battles and fierce hunts. The prevailing warrior ethos and his manly power are evident throughout. It is these strong patriarchal images which gave birth to both epics from two totally different cultures The taradiddle of Beowulf from Scandinavia and The Iliad from Greece. To better understand the works themselves and their parallels, it is best to branch define an epic. In order to be considered an epic, there are certain qualifications and standards that a piece of literature must meet. These epics are long poems that were originally expressed orally and later were put into writing. Both stories tell the tale of brave young heroes, always believing that their fight, their cause, is the true cause. In both stories, the heroes understand the role of fate. In Beowulf, the hero of th at name understands that the monster Gr curiosityel may end his life, unless is not deterred. He is not advised of his destiny, but realizes without qualms that if Grendel does kill him, then that was his time to die. In Iliad, both Hector and Achilles are keenly aware that their lives will end in battle. Although there is an emotional struggle in these characters not seen in Beowulf, their knowledge of their own fates does not stop them from fighting. This is what we might roar bravery today, but in the past it was better thought of as a warrior code. And in both stories, it is not fate that matters in the end, but glory. The attitude is that if death shall come, so be it. But better to die fighting, immortalized in glory. The hero code itself is based on patriarchal injunction. In Beowulf, the first character introduced in the prologue is the king screen Sheafson, who bears the name of the founder of the Danish nation, making him a sort of father to his kingdom. The prologue o f Beowulf takes on an Old-Testament form of sorts, introducing the characters by their lineage. Shield is father to Halfdane, who is father to Hrothgar, one of the main characters in Beowulf. The hero himself makes his introduction on the Danish shore by saying, We belong by birth to the Geat mountain and owe allegiance to Lord Hygelac. In his day, my father was a famous man, a noble warrior-lord named Ecgtheow (260-263).

Immigration and the U.S. :: Legal Issues, Illegal Immigration

Since 2001, when September 11th happened, many people in the United States have had a fear of allowing immigrants into the U.S. It went to levels of border control and more. thence some judge that in-migration is a threat to the U.S. They should not consider that because everything that occurs is not due to immigrants, it is just The Realities of in-migration (Chavez, 46). The government can stop immoral immigration right at one time but would it not affect the U.S. more to do so? Restrictionists claim that large-scale immigration-legal and illegal-has depressed wages, burdened government resources, and acted as a net bolt on the sparing (Chavez, 47). Thus, if immigration was eliminated, the U.S. would have fewer causeers. With a reduction of workers, money would be less therefore, causing the scrimping to plunge. People issue forth to the U.S. to work and make a reinforcement, why would the government want to stop that? If Americans would simply cut their own grass, clean their own houses, and pull off for their own children, there would be no need for immigrant labors. But even if this were true, the overall economy would hardly benefit from having fewer workers (Chavez, 47). Without immigrants, the economy would not immix smoothly because the workers make the jobs and economy better. Third world immigration is not a threat to Americas way of life because immigrants work, immigrants participate, and illegal immigration already responds reasonably vigorous to market forces (Chavez, 50).Immigrants that come into the U.S. are not coming to harm anyone they come to work and make a living. Hispanics and other races ordinarily want to find a job and the U.S. has good quality jobs. Despite the presence in our workforce of millions of illegal immigrants, the U.S. is currently creating slightly more than cardinal million jobs a course of study and boasts an unemployment rate of 4.7 percent, which is lower than average in each of the past four decades ( Chavez, 47). Therefore, the U.S. consisted of several illegal immigrants that worked. That shows that theyve done no harm. retributive worked and made a living a majority of the time. They are good workers and as the U.S. generate more than two million jobs each year, the population of immigrants increases. It increases because the jobs increase thus, more immigrants come to the U.S. and work. The more people work, the more new jobs are prepared and the better the economy gets.Immigration and the U.S. Legal Issues, Illegal ImmigrationSince 2001, when September 11th happened, many people in the United States have had a fear of allowing immigrants into the U.S. It went to levels of border control and more. Therefore some judge that immigration is a threat to the U.S. They should not consider that because everything that occurs is not due to immigrants, it is just The Realities of Immigration (Chavez, 46). The government can stop illegal immigration right now but would it not affec t the U.S. more to do so? Restrictionists claim that large-scale immigration-legal and illegal-has depressed wages, burdened government resources, and acted as a net drain on the economy (Chavez, 47). Thus, if immigration was eliminated, the U.S. would have fewer workers. With a reduction of workers, money would be less therefore, causing the economy to plunge. People come to the U.S. to work and make a living, why would the government want to stop that? If Americans would simply cut their own grass, clean their own houses, and care for their own children, there would be no need for immigrant labors. But even if this were true, the overall economy would hardly benefit from having fewer workers (Chavez, 47). Without immigrants, the economy would not flow smoothly because the workers make the jobs and economy better. Third world immigration is not a threat to Americas way of life because immigrants work, immigrants participate, and illegal immigration already responds reasonably well to market forces (Chavez, 50).Immigrants that come into the U.S. are not coming to harm anyone they come to work and make a living. Hispanics and other races usually want to find a job and the U.S. has good quality jobs. Despite the presence in our workforce of millions of illegal immigrants, the U.S. is currently creating slightly more than two million jobs a year and boasts an unemployment rate of 4.7 percent, which is lower than average in each of the past four decades (Chavez, 47). Therefore, the U.S. consisted of several illegal immigrants that worked. That shows that theyve done no harm. Just worked and made a living a majority of the time. They are good workers and as the U.S. generate more than two million jobs each year, the population of immigrants increases. It increases because the jobs increase thus, more immigrants come to the U.S. and work. The more people work, the more new jobs are prepared and the better the economy gets.

The Matthew Shepard Event Essay -- Gay Bashing Violence Law Papers

The Matthew Shepard EventThe human body is an object in which one lives and the medium through which one experiences oneself and the world. The human body vests claims on political theory and space and thus participates as the site on which conflicts about belief systems and territory contest violently. Gay bodies become entangled in violence when they read into arenas that combat certain ideas. Gay bashing illustrates incidences all in which bodies experience physical injury. In modern U.S. communities various militant conservatives individually target homosexuals in man bashing. Though few conservative political groups explicitly avow targeting gays for physical violence, their members individually carry out anti-gay brutality. Mathew Shepards brutal murder in 1998 illustrates a comparatively recent incident in which the human body becomes politicized. What is the process by which the pain and death of Shepards body transform the personal into the political? What does gay bashin g inculpate to attackers, victims and the state? The attackers deliberate decision to raise Shepards body stemmed from their intensions to make public what was private. To narrow the scope of analysis, I argue that by writing into truth a gay panic defense statute the state establishes an anti-gay social atmosphere in which private citizens act as agents of the state to protect patriarchy by carrying out implicitly legalized physical violence against gays. The Gay Panic Defense uses the word panic to convey a sense of abruptness in the perpetrators thought process during the mo workforcet they carry out the criminal behavior. The Oxford English Dictionary defines panic as a sudden uncontrollable fear or anxiety. The word panic projects the illusion that t... ...ial meaning becomes embodied by meaning within context that ultimately has a stake in the body. Participating in the transformation of the private into the public, the human body is both an object in which one lives and a site of political articulation. Works Cited 1. Foucault, Michel. 1977. Discipline and punish. New York haphazard house. 2. Friend, Richard A. 1993. Choices, not closets heterosexism and homophobia in schools. Beyond Silenced voices. Albany State University of New York Press. 209-235. 3. Kaufman, Moises. 2001. The Laramie Project. New York First Vintage Books. 4. Nardi, Peter, Bolton, Ralph. 1991. Gay bashing violence and aggression against gay men and lesbians. Social perspective in lesbian and gay studies. New York Routledge. 412-433. 5. Sedgwick, Eve Kosofsky. 1985. Between Men. New York Columbia University Press.

Essay --

Cassandra Casares 2-11-14Paper 1Marius paved the road that inspired many another(prenominal) to follow in his footsteps, as Caesar and Octavian, which led to the sectionalisation of the Republic. Marius held consulship for a record breaking seven years, completely disregarding the Lex Annalis, and leaving the senate looking slightly powerless in the eyeb alone of its people. Also, Marius used war and corruption on his side in order to intimidate his political power in Rome, knowing full well he was compulsory to fend off invasions curiously from the north. By abolishing the Servian laws, he also allowed the landless and the poor to join in the army, which created status problems for the Romans, and encouraged others to follow beneficial along with his creation of a professional, insular army through the Marian Laws and reforms. Gaius Marius put into affect army reforms that changed the war machine, political and social aspects of Roman society. These reforms brought abou t semiprivate professional armies, enlarged aristocratic set by increasing wealth, and eventually led to the exploitation of legal and political faults to boost personal power that all together helped to disestablish the republic.One distinguished aspect of Roman life is that of tradition. By Marius consecutively holding seven consulships in a row and doing so whilst not present for some strayed apart from political tradition and enabling actions of later romans. Because of a foreign threat up north of Rome, the people knew they needed him in office, which helped him hold his consulship for so long. Marius was elective consul again each year until his sixth consulship in 100 the people disregarded the lex Annalis didnt allow the senate to cover his consulship (Scullard 1982 52).Marius saw an opportunity... ...r political status and power, to in conclusion breakdown the Roman Republic. By Marius using war and corruption to his advantage to gain and hold on to his consulsh ip for many years, he gave the impression that the senate was losing their power and hold over the people. By abolishing the Servian laws and allowing the landless and the poor to serve in the army, he threw out the Roman tradition that funds and wealth showed loyalty and commitment to Rome. Also, he provided the generals, and himself, the pressure to continue to win the wars in order to gain loot, and land to give to their armies to keep them happy. However, mostly Marius military reform was the most influential ship canal that Marius had on the future Romans, that gave them the power to achieve their political success over the senate and eventually bring forth the breakdown of the Republic. Word count 990 Essay -- Cassandra Casares 2-11-14Paper 1Marius paved the road that inspired many to follow in his footsteps, as Caesar and Octavian, which led to the breakdown of the Republic. Marius held consulship for a record breaking seven years, completely disregarding the Lex Annalis, and leaving the senate looking slightly powerless in the eyes of its people. Also, Marius used war and corruption on his side in order to hold his political power in Rome, knowing full well he was needed to fend off invasions especially from the north. By abolishing the Servian laws, he also allowed the landless and the poor to join in the army, which created status problems for the Romans, and encouraged others to follow right along with his creation of a professional, private army through the Marian Laws and reforms. Gaius Marius put into affect army reforms that changed the military, political and social aspects of Roman society. These reforms brought about private professional armies, enlarged aristocratic values by increasing wealth, and eventually led to the exploitation of legal and political faults to boost personal power that all together helped to disestablish the republic.One important aspect of Roman life is that of tradition. By Marius consecutivel y holding seven consulships in a row and doing so whilst not present for some strayed away from political tradition and enabling actions of later romans. Because of a foreign threat up north of Rome, the people knew they needed him in office, which helped him hold his consulship for so long. Marius was elected consul again each year until his sixth consulship in 100 the people disregarded the lex Annalis didnt allow the senate to prolong his consulship (Scullard 1982 52).Marius saw an opportunity... ...r political status and power, to finally breakdown the Roman Republic. By Marius using war and corruption to his advantage to gain and hold on to his consulship for many years, he gave the impression that the senate was losing their power and hold over the people. By abolishing the Servian laws and allowing the landless and the poor to serve in the army, he threw out the Roman tradition that money and wealth showed loyalty and commitment to Rome. Also, he provided the generals, and himself, the pressure to continue to win the wars in order to gain loot, and land to give to their armies to keep them happy. However, mostly Marius military reform was the most influential ways that Marius had on the future Romans, that gave them the power to achieve their political success over the senate and eventually bring forth the breakdown of the Republic. Word count 990

The Grapes of Wrath - Lifestyle in the 1930s Essay -- essays research

The Grapes of Wrath is a historical and fictional novel that was written by John Steinbeck in 1939. He valued to show his point of view of life in US during the years of Great Depression. This essay will talk about the lifestyle the public had during that succession which dramatically changed conditions that the environment in we stern serving of US had.The plot of Steinbeck?s work of fiction is rooted in the historical and social events of mid-thirties America, specifically the environmental disaster in Oklahoma. Drought had been a serious problem for the Great Plains region of the United States for many decades prior to the 1930s. Meanwhile, poor kitchen-gardening techniques of numerous sharecroppers had decimated the agricultural capacity of the land, the harsh cotton crops robbing soil of its nutrients. These two conditions combined to make if difficult for farmers to make a profitable crop. With the stock commercialize crash of 1929 and the following decline in the U.S. ec onomy, banks became desperate for a way to get back losses. Maintaining that it was more lucrative to be cultivated by a corporation, land companies began removing families from their farms. In the novel The Grapes of Wrath, the subsequent events described as adventures of the main characters of the novel.The novel begins as the main character, Tom Joad, is released from an Oklahoma state prison afterwards serving four years for killing a man. He makes his way back to his family?s farm and meets Jim Casy, a former preacher who is not preach anymore. He goes with Tom to his home and finds out that it deserted. Muley Graves, an old neighbor, tells that everyone has been expelled off the land. The next day, Tom and Jim go to Uncle Jones place. When they arrive, Tom finds Ma and Pa Joad pa... ... cycle. In Casy?s contestation that ?maybe it?s all men an? all omen in love,? we find the idea of humanism. John Steinbeck?s The Grapes of Wrath was published in 1939. It has a great histo rical significance to American history. It discusses the life in Oklahoma, California and other states of America during the period of Great Depression. This novel illustrates life of poor slew who had to leave their land, move to a new place and try to survive there. However, the book covered only the occurrence of this period in one part of US history, which was west side. The Grapes of Wrath could have also included what was life like in eastern part of the country. It would also be helpful if the write included the role of the government in that period.Through the novel The Grapes of Wrath, John Steinbeck wanted to demonstrate the lifestyle of the people in the 1930?s.

The Grapes of Wrath - Lifestyle in the 1930s Essay -- essays research

The Grapes of Wrath is a historical and fictional novel that was written by John Steinbeck in 1939. He wanted to show his point of view of life in US during the years of Great Depression. This essay will talk about the lifestyle the humans had during that time which dramatically changed conditions that the environment in we stern part of US had.The plot of Steinbeck?s work of fiction is rooted in the historical and mixer events of 1930s America, specifically the environmental disaster in Oklahoma. Drought had been a serious problem for the Great Plains region of the United States for many decades prior to the 1930s. Meanwhile, measly farming techniques of numerous sharecroppers had decimated the agricultural capacity of the land, the harsh cotton crops robbing soil of its nutrients. These two conditions combined to make if difficult for farmers to make a profitable crop. With the origin market crash of 1929 and the following decline in the U.S. economy, banks became desperate for a way to get back losses. Maintaining that it was more lucrative to be cultivated by a corporation, land companies began removing families from their farms. In the novel The Grapes of Wrath, the subsequent events described as adventures of the main characters of the novel.The novel begins as the main character, Tom Joad, is released from an Oklahoma state prison after serving four years for killing a man. He makes his way back to his family?s farm and meets Jim Casy, a former preacher who is not preaching anymore. He goes with Tom to his home and finds out that it deserted. Muley Graves, an old neighbor, tells that every integrity has been expelled off the land. The next day, Tom and Jim go to Uncle Jones place. When they arrive, Tom finds Ma and Pa Joad pa... ... cycle. In Casy?s statement that ?maybe it?s all men an? all omen in love,? we find the idea of humanism. John Steinbeck?s The Grapes of Wrath was published in 1939. It has a great historical significance to American hi story. It discusses the life in Oklahoma, California and other states of America during the period of Great Depression. This novel illustrates life of piteous people who had to leave their land, move to a new place and try to survive there. However, the book covered only the occurrence of this period in one part of US history, which was west side. The Grapes of Wrath could have also included what was life like in eastern part of the country. It would also be useful if the author included the role of the government in that period.Through the novel The Grapes of Wrath, John Steinbeck wanted to demonstrate the lifestyle of the people in the 1930?s.

Adult social care settings Essay

1.1 Define Person sumd values.Person centred values means the community whom we fill-in are inured as equals and are involved in on the whole aspects and areas of their interest and that they are respected and valued as undividedistics. This means existence involved in their assessments, mission delivery and support visualizening, basi beefy soul centred values is making sure all approaches, policies and procedures and carefulness practices put the residents at the centre of the day-to-day activities. It should besides include the residents and their families in the thinkning and maintaining of this.1.2 relieve why it is important to work in a government agency that embeds person centred values.The underlying take to the woods up of person centred values is to ensure that the individual asking care is put at the very centre of the decision making progress closely their life and the work and support they want, pick up and require. Person centred values is cl osely putting an individuals call for and choices first, respecting their privacy and dignity and giving that individual as much independence as possible. under this strict system, the person is al right smarts placed at the very centre of the planning of the care programme required, in that he or she give always be consulted and that his or her views give always come first. therefore the plan is tailor-made to that particular person, and it should include all aspects of care, from the Social and wellness Services, from that individuals family and from the voluntary sector. ending 2 Understand how to implement a person centred approach in an adult social care setting.2.1 Describe how to receive out the history, preferences, wishes and needs of an individual.By working in a way that puts an individual we are supporting at the centre of any planning and communicating with them we ass find out info about their history, preferences and wishes. By using this approach we aim to se e the person as an individual, rather than focusing on their illness or on abilities they may chip in. We plenty excessively include asking their family, friends, carers, other professionals including, GPS, nurses, social workers and also by looking at documents, much(prenominal) as pictures, letters, etc2.2 Describe how to take into account the history, preferences, wishes and needs of an individual when planning care and support.When planning individual support it is necessary to record day-to-day preferences and requirements of the individuals care and support, we offer do this by divvy uping individuals needs and preferences in a care plan, this holds all training about the individual you are supporting, their likes and dislikes, their hobbies, family information and their health as it changes. You can find out in a care plan if an individual likes reading in the afternoon or dancing to Elvis, and you can plan their free-and-easy activities around this, it is a way you c an ensure the environment promotes well-being for your individual you are supporting.Having a holistic approach to meeting the needs and preferences of each individual is also a attain skill. Things can change however depending on how that individual is smelling, say for example they experience physically throw off and tired, they are non going to want to get out of bed, get washed, get dressed and sit in a room full of commonwealth all day, they are a lot more likely to want to lye in bed all day and that is fine as long as all their needs have been met and you explain what this choice will mean.2.3 exempt how using and individuals care plan contributes to working in a person centred way.Plans for how deal want their support to be delivered are a vital part ofperson-centred working. People should be in centre of their plans and the planning process is a key way of ensuring that are at the centre of any support provided Care support plans are now developed by the person them selves, sometimes with support from family and friends. Plans are accordingly agreed by the social worker or the manager. The development of a support plan is the perfect example of how person-centred working operates. or else offering population a choice of what is currently available and finding what better(p) fits their needs, person-centred working looks at someones needs and built the support package around them. One of the important aspects of person-centred planning is to look at what people are able to do for themselves and to ensure that services are non taking over aspects of a persons life that they could perfectly well manage without support. egress 3 Understand the importance of establishing take on when providing care or support.3.1 Define the word reactConsent is the informed agreement to an action and/or decision. Permission for something to happen or agreement to do something.3.2 Explain the importance of actualiseing consent when providing care or support.Wh en working with an individual it is important to uphold their rightfulnesss to be richly involved in their own care, whilst adhering to legal requirements. It is also the individuals right to refuse any care, support or treatment they do non want. It is also essential that people not only give you their consent but also that they understand what they are consenting to and the implications of this. Gaining consent protects not just the career but the individual receiving the care and support as-well. If no consent is given then you cannot proceed with the care. It is illegal to pressure anyone into something they do not want to do.3.3 Describe how to establish consent for an activity or action.Consent can be implied, verbal, informed or written. Good communication skills and active listening plays a key role when gaining consent, by listening and treating an individual with respect you gain their trust and this is a way of gaining consent. By openly talking to the individuals in y our care and being honest with them they are more likely to trust you.3.4 Explain what steps to take if consent cannot be established.If consent cannot be established then you have a legal requirement to act in the best interest of the individual, to work towards solving conflict, with the use of extra support of advocates if necessary and where need to contact the person with whom has legal responsibility. All this must be recorded.Outcome 4 Understand how to encourage active participation.4.1 Define what is meant by active participation.Active participation is an approach that recognizes all individuals rights and needs to participate in activities and relationships of workaday life as independently as possible, making sure the individual is actively part of their own care or support rather then a passive recipient.4.2 Describe how active participation benefits an individual.Active participation endues and encourages and individual to participate in their own care, it gives them the chance to be included in their care and have a greater say in how they live their lives. Active participation has many positive benefits such(prenominal) asPhysical benefits including greater activity levels.Increased independence and autonomy in what people do.An hazard for individuals in health and social care settings to have a say in matters of direct concern to their lives. Increased opportunities for social contact and interpersonal relationships. Encouraging involvement and self-awareness.Enhanced well-being, with increases in self-confidence, self-esteem and self-belief.Active participation enhance an individual and helps to strengthening them physically, psychologically and their all over well-being.4.3 Describe ways of reducing barriers to active participation.There are many ways of reducing barriers to active participation, organising and providing opportunitys for involvement in social activities, Treating all individuals equally whilst distillery recognizing that everyone has differences and everyone is unique, A main way of reducing barriers is to introduce contrastive ways of communication, such as Makaton, Sign language, Braille and also just by talking nice a take a crap and taking the time to listen to the individual in your care.4.4 Describe ways of encouraging active participation.To encourage active participation you first should explain the benefits of participation and how it will motivate, encourage and support an individual. We can also involve family and friends to fool experiences more meaningful and to be able to discuss with family and friends that activities cater to the needs and abilitys of an individual. Encouraging active participation is all about making that individual under your care feel in effect(p) about themselves through, praise, compliments, patience and constructive feedback. Its all about making that individual feel comfortable, helping them feel as if their home, helping to improve their fitness, and hel ping to develop their social skills.Outcome 5 Understand how to support an individuals right to make choices.5.1 say apart ways of supporting an individual to make informed choices.Informed choice is a voluntary, well-considered decision that an individualmakes on the basis of options, information, and understanding. To offer informed choices in a care setting staff need to empower their clientsoffer them up-to-date information and contendledgeencourage independence5.2 Explain why put on the line taking can be part of an individuals choices.We all take lucks in life, its a way we grow and learn about ourselves and our limitations. Taking risks can empower us and teach us consequences, it is part of an individuals choice to take risks as long as those risks do not hurt others. To take a risk is an individuals choice the decision they make will result in some sort of consequence, negative or positive but it is down to the individual to make that choice. If the individual has the m ental capacity to make an informed choice then they should be allowed to explore those risks.A person centred approach seeks to focus on peoples rights to have the lifestyle that they chose, including the right to make bad decisions. You have to try and use person centred thinking tools, to help people and those who care about them most to think in a positive and productive way about how to ensure that they can achieve the changes they want to see while care the issue of risk in its place.5.3 Explain how agreed risk assessment processes are utilize to support the right to make choices.Each individual in adult care should have a formal risk assessment carried out as part of their care plan. Risk assessments should contain information about the individual and the type of care and support they need. It will provide the most appropriate options for keeping the individual and anyone else involved as safe as possible. It will also tell you how to do some tasks where these tasks have bee n risk assessed and the best option has been established. Using a person-centred approach helps professionals involved in assessing risk to address significant issues of health and safety whilst supporting choice by also taking into account things that are important to people. A person centred approach can be one of the best ways toConsider taking a particular risk or risksEstablish and improve capacity to make decisions work a best interest decision5.4 Explain why a workers personal views should not influence an individuals choices.Every person in the world has the right to make his or her own decisions as long as it doesnt involve another(prenominal) individual getting hurt. When an individual in your care makes a decision which you feel is risky, you need to make the individual aware of any consequences of their decision, however you mustnt try to influence them with you own views, thoughts and feeling. The choice is the individuals not yours, they need to make their own decision s in order to feel in control of their lives, this leads to positive thinking, motivation, and positive feelings towards, dignity, pride and satisfaction.5.5 Describe how to support an individual to question or challenge decisions concerning them that are made by others.Family and friends sometimes make decisions on behalf of an individual in care, these decision can be about the type of care or support they are receiving or the life style they are leading, but these decisions are not always discussed with the individual in question, and they may no be happy or comfortable with the outcome. It is essential that you obtain and understand the facts and reason these decisions were made so you make sure the individual has a clear understanding.If the individual remains sure that he/she is not happy with the decision, once he/she has this information, you can work with the individual to support them to challenge the decision. Any changes that are made to these decisions must be noted and reported and they must be made safe for yourself, the individual and anyone else involved. You should never make changes to a care plan or anything smiler without the proper training or discussing it first with you supervisor or line manager.6.1 Explain how individual identity and self esteem are linked with well beingEveryone has the right to identify themselves however they want, everyone has there own thoughts and beliefs and they shouldnt be made to feel bad or have there self esteem lowered because someone doesnt believe or think the same ways as someone else. Maintaining someones identity is done by always recognising that person as an individual, recognising that everyone has there own thoughts, feelings, beliefs, wishes and views and that makes them unique. You must always try to deal with views and choices of another person in a positive and caring manner, all this will contribute to their sense of well-being.6.2 Describe attitudes and approaches that are likely to promote an individuals well-being.By always ensuring that the individual is treated in a professional, kind, caring and courteous way, their sense of well-being is always assured. Care workers can also make sure that they use a count of different approaches empowering approaches that enable the individual to take control, a positive approach that encourages the individual to feel good, working in a trusting and professional way enables a good relationship to build between the care worker and individual promoting a sense of well-being.6.3 Identify ways to contribute to an environment that promotes well-being.There are many ways to contribute to an environment that promotes well-being, the individual in your care needs to feel safe, secure and at home in a welcoming environment that makes them feel comfortable, the best way to do this is for the individual to have their personal belongings around them, things that matter and make them feel goodPhotos,Ornaments,Books,Pieces of piece of furn itureAn environment that is easy for them to get around in, that is adapted for their needs/abilities, set out in a way of their choosing e.g their bedroom is personal to them, furniture placed in the way they have chosen, theyre decision on how its laid out, their decision on how it is decorated, it is their home and it should be made to feel welcoming, open and comfortable.Adult social care settings EssayOutcome 11.1 People reach to understand their needs, to have a conversation, to express feelings, needs, to build relationships and trust. They communicate to share information and opinions, to ask questions and get answers.1.2 Communication between staff effects service provision, understanding each other, team work and dignity in care. If communication is not effective, it can affect again residents-we can do harm to them, it can affect their health and well-being. Communication with staff is essential for fling information from one person to another. Information can be passed from carer worker to carer worker via verbal communication or written documents from care plans and daily reports, to combustion books. Written communication has to be effective as it provides an on-going picture of a certain person, situation. Effective communication between staff is essential for care to be professional. Without effective communication care needs of the clients may go unnoticed leading to medical problems, abuse, depression etc. Communication with residents is most important in care job. Thats the way how you can easier understand they needs, requirements. It can affect service that carer provide to residents-more effective communication, better service to residents with effective communication carer is expression trust between residents and staff that helps in future work with them.1.3 The care worker should always observe an individuals reactions to see whether person fully understands what you have said to them. If the resident for example looks confused the n the carer must then adapt their communication and ask again the question or other. In this way communication will be effective. It is also important to observe an individuals reactions so as to spot anything that may be troubling them or upsetting them the carer must to change their approach this may be noticed through the resident change in facial expression or body language. If resident cannot verbalise what they want or prefer, then observing their reactions staff can make a decision about resident needs.Outcome 22.1 It makes more effective communication, more understand what other person trying to say. More understand they culture, religious believes. To be involved in their daily life. To avoid the individual feeling excluded, becoming distressed, frustrated or frightened.2.2 Is verbal and non-verbal communication.Non-verbal communication is all without making noises, sounds. It can be writing, showing pictures with food choice, passing in park, toilette need. Can be even facial expressions, eye contact, body language, gestures or touch to get attention, physical gestures, behaviour. Verbal communication is vocabulary and tone in what person like to talk, involved in conversation.Outcome 33.1 Communication barriers can be place where person is, people around, wheezy environment, values, culture, beliefs, his wishes and needs. Reason can be even lighting, how close you stand to that person or language barrier.3.2 Communication barriers can reduce if you take the person to another room. Can try to turn lower music volume on television or radio. Try to talk with person in more insular place, ask about his needs. Another way how we can reduce the impact of this barrier is by using a translator when you or resident do not understand what you both are saying because of a language barrier. Finally this would work because by using a translator you will not be offending people who speak a different language. Communication barrier can be because of differen t cultures and they include different cultures using different words or signs which may not be accepted in other cultures. One example of a mechanism which can be used to reduce the impact of this barrier to communication is by respecting other peoples beliefs and social habits.3.3 To be sure that person understand me I can see it by his facial expressions, body language or his action on what I said. Ask if the person understand me, rephrasing. Some person need more time for get right answer or you should repeat a question, sentence.3.4 It can be more enableColleague staff share who knows resident issues, needs, wishes, moreabout his culture, values, beliefs. Speech therapist can tell who has had a stroke.GP is person who know more about resident oecumenic health problems, how staff can make that person more relax and comfortable. Family can tell more about carrier person daily life, person food choice, needs. Psychotherapist can advise on exercise for people at all stages of dementia. They can also give advice carers on safe ways of helping someone to move. Dentist can be used if the individual has dentures which are to loose and move when speechmaking.Outcome 44.1 Confidentiality means keeping residents information private and safe and passing information to only those who have rights to it. Confidentiality means also not passing information outside care house, keeping information safe and private. 4.2 Confidentiality you can maintain with not passing information outside of work or to other resident visitors. Be professional and dont talk about residents in public places when you have a meal with work colleagues or in public transport on a way home. Dont leave a written personal records lying around. You need to put them in safe place, where access is just for staff members. Health records are confidential. They should be shared only on a need-to-know basis. Carrier can give access to resident relevant information to those who have rights to know it .4.3 Can share confidential information when the person is being placed in danger, harmed or abused. You can share information with other staff members in situation if for example resident is telling you he feels in danger of other resident or staff member and ask you not to tell anyone. It is situation where you need to explain person that you cant keep information, because you want him to be in safety and need to help him by performing straight away. Can share when a criminal act has taken place. However, even, where it is clearly beneficial to share information for direct care, rules about confidentiality and privacy still apply. That means that only those who have a clear need to know should have access to the relevant confidential information.4.4 Can seek advice about confidentiality if speaking with manager or with the organisations confidentiality policy. If someone is calling by phone and asking some information about any of residents and you are not sure who it is you can a lways ask him to speak with manager or justtake persons phone number and tell him that manager will call him back. The Data Protection Act is a law that applies to all social services and health records. It means that any information about resident should be kept accurately and securely, and there should be measures restricting who can see it. There are circumstances when an authority may have the right to break the rules about confidentiality. This is normally in extreme situations.

Literature Review on Internal Audit

Survey finds congenital scrutinize risk assessments inconsistent category August, 2007 The report suggests that internal audited accounting needs to identify areas of high and moderate risk that are part of the internal audit plan but agree been deferred or cancelled because of the organizations focus on Sarbanes-Oxley Section 404. It recommends that chief audit executives (CAEs) revisit the budgets, skills, and capabilities needed to achieve a comprehensive, balanced, and risk-based start out to auditing, as easy as cook a process to advise the audit delegation and senior management about emerging risks.In other findings, internal audit leaders swan their greatest challenge is finding enough qualified talent to address the growing and increasingly complex needs of their stakeholders. To dish out address this problem, rotational staffing has give behavior a key source of talent for much than 80 part of respondents from Fortune 500 companies. Additionally, the report no tes that audit departments are using report ratings, much(prenominal) as satisfaction or number scales, with mixed results.Although many CAEs say ratings allow them to communicate the potential level of exposure and risk associated with audit findings, 56 percent say ratings often create friction at their organizations and slow down the audit process. Finally, 43 percent of respondents use some form of unremitting auditing or monitoring in their audit operations. The PwC report is available from the companys Web site, www. pwc. com/internalaudit. Reference http//findarticles. om/p/articles/mi_m4153/is_4_64/ai_n27348378/ PwC Study Internal studys Lack Strategy for Risk judicial decision Year May 21, 2007 thither continues to be a lack of consistency around the assessment of risk by internal auditors, according to the third one-year force field of current issues for the internal audit profession conducted by PricewaterhouseCoopers. A number of divergent and conflicting trends re lated to risk assessment are a concern among internal audit executives.Although there is growing interest in enterprise risk management (more than 80 percent of respondents reported they conduct an one-year enterprise-wide risk assessment), only a handful of those positioned said they modify the internal audit risk assessment continuously, while 64 percent may be doing little or nothing between yearbook assessments. At one-third of the companies surveyed, multiple enterprise-wide risk assessments are being conducted across the organization.Of this group, only 20 percent consider these assessments well aligned, while 50 percent said they are somewhat aligned and 30 percent said they are not well aligned, with little or no coordination among the parties making the assessments. PwC said six imperatives should be considered when strengthening the internal audit risk assessment process, as suggested by the contract Adopt a process approach to risk assessment and planning.Supplement annual risk assessments with quarterly or more frequent updates. Leverage your forward assessment results. reorient and leverage risk assessments. Seek out the specialized talent you need. Coordinate effectively with other risk management groups. Today, there is a growing awareness among chief audit executives of the importance of linking risk assessments and effective audit coverage, said Richard Chambers, managing director with internal audit services at PwC. To help strengthen risk management within their companies, audit groups must focus on assessing risk on an ongoing basis and continue to monitor and update their enterprise-wide risk assessments. In the areas of finance, compliance, and operations sectors that might be characterized as traditional areas of focus for internal audit respondents expressed fairly high degrees of confidence (64, 49, and 43 percent respectively) in their audit coverage of these types of risks.However, they were significantly less confident wit h their audit coverage when dealing with risks in the areas of technology, fraud, and strategical or business risks. The 2007 study as well as found that internal audit groups reporting to the CFO organization devote more prison term to Sarbanes-Oxley compliance than groups that report directly to the audit committee or the CEO. According to the study, only 31 percent of internal audit functions reporting directly to the audit committee or the CEO devote more than 50 percent of their time to Sarbanes-Oxley compliance.By contrast, 46 percent of those who report directly to the CFO indicated that they dedicated more than 50 percent of their time to the bite during 2006. The study found that when internal audit reports to a level below the CFO in the finance organization, such as to the controller or treasurer, the time commitment to Sarbanes-Oxley compliance increases dramatically, with 69 percent of these internal audit functions reporting spending more than 50 percent of their t ime addressing compliance with the Act. Given the dissimilitude of time dedicated to compliance with Sarbanes-Oxley depending on reporting relationships, these survey results naturally beg the question as to who is actually directing the focus and deployment of corporate audit resources, added Anderson. Reference http//www. accountingnet. com/x57724. xml Study Impact of Economy on Internal Audit work *By (SmartPros*) Year June 15, 2009 The results of a new IIA survey have revealed perspectives on the cause and effects of the financial meltdown, as well as the views of internal auditors regarding how they are responding to the new economic and business milieu.Speaking to a gathering of more than 2,000 internal auditors from around the world at The Institute of Internal Auditors (IIAs) international conference held in mid-May in Johannesburg, South Africa, IIA President Richard Chambers, CIA, shared key results from the survey which reflected responses from 1,665 internal auditors in 57 countries. This survey data gives us a global snapshot of how internal auditors view what has happened and how they are dealing with it, said Chambers. It also tells The IIA what we should look at closer for more in-depth analysis and development of new guidance. Three major areas of realization emerged from the survey results. Internal auditors views are split on whether risk management could have played a mitigating role in the financial crisis, and a majority felt there were more things internal audit activities could have done soften its impact. Organizations are redirecting their internal audit resources to cover recession-related risks. And within organizations receiving stimulus or rescue funds, more than a third of internal audit activities have not addressed risks related to the funding.The recession has had a trickle-down effect that has impacted the resources of internal audit functions. The European literature review on internal auditing *How the internal audit fu nction is changing in response to the shifts in global business practices*? Year 2006 Purpose By conducting the 2006 global communal Body of Knowledge (CBOK) study, The Institute of Internal Auditors (IIA) attempts to better understand the expanding scope of internal auditing practice throughout the world.The purpose of this review of recent internal auditing literature in Europe is to document how the internal audit function is changing in response to the shifts in global business practices. Design/methodology/approach The literature in Europe is reviewed with a focus on developments that have implications for the expanded scope of internal auditing and the changing skill sets of internal auditors and their role in enhancing good corporate governance. This focus has implications for CBOK 2006.Findings The literature indicates changes in the activities performed by internal auditors. The increasing complexity of business transactions, a more dynamic regulatory environment in Eur ope, and significant advances in information technology have resulted in opportunities and challenges for internal auditors. Although in 2004, The IIA responded to the changing organizational environment by updating the overlord practices framework, more work needs to be done to prepare internal auditors for the expanded set of skills and knowledge required to perform audits of the future.Originality/value By presenting an overview of outgoing literature in Europe and discussing the shifting demands on internal audit services, the researchers hope to motivate further research in the field. PricewaterhouseCoopers 2010 Global Internal Audit Study Internal Auditors Should Serve as Strategic Advisors on Risk Assessment and Management *Year April 1 ,*2010 NEW YORK, April 1 /PRNewswire/ PricewaterhouseCoopers sixth annual Global State of the Internal Audit Profession survey found that with global ndustries, economies and regulatory environments forever altered by the recent financial crisis, strategic risk management has become a key issue for business leaders. According to the 2010 survey of more than 2,000 executives from more than 50 territories, internal audit professionals have the companywide visibility and mandate to lead their organizations in enhancing this capability. This years survey also demonstrated that, to remain relevant and meet stakeholder demands, internal audit must evolve to an intensify Internal Audit 2. 0 state that provides business leaders with actionable business risk intelligence. The financial crisis caused a heightened scrutiny of companies risk management practices, as many have blamed the crisis on poor risk management, said Brian embrown, principal and Internal Audit Advisory Services leader at PwC. dark-brown added that, CEOs across all industries are looking to upgrade their enterprise-wide risk management capability to better prepare for success in what is expected to continue to be a very challenging business environment. Needs and expectations for internal audit have never been higher, so the key question is whether internal audit is delivering.There is also a challenge in building consensus for an expanded and more strategic role for internal audit, said Brown. The 2010 State of the Internal Audit Profession study identifies three critical focus areas for internal audit departments Critical risks and issues Aligning internal audits value position with its stakeholders expectations and Matching the staffing model with that value suggest However, these are also the three areas where internal audit leaders believe they have the most room to improve. What senior executives should take away from this survey is that, for an internal audit team to assume the role of strategic partner, members must employ highly experienced and skilled professionals who can pinpoint trouble spots, synthesize a lot of data, better utilize technology and help the organization be more successful in a very challenging busi ness environment, Brown said. With these new challenges in mind, PwC believes internal audit must take a more radical approach to change than it has in the past, and rethink and redefine the way it works. The survey outlines several important steps that should be taken Start with a plan Rethink risk assessment practices Fill the skills and capabilities gap Align with other assurance functions Focus on obtaining ROI from technology In this years survey, we introduced the concept of Internal Audit 2. 0 to start organizations thinking about dramatic change, said Brown. As internal audit confronts new and continually changing needs and expectations, it must take the initiative to redefine its role. That means expanding its skill sets and preparing to take a leading role as a more powerful resource for senior leadership, directors and boards in aligning strategy and risk identification, control and mitigation.

Les Demoiselles D’avignon Essay

My museum paper is on the Les Demoiselles dAvignon, painted by Pablo Picasso in Paris, June-July 1907. Oil on canvas, 8x7 8 (243.9233.7cm). He became one of the superlative and most influential artists of the 20th century and the creator (with Georges Braque) of Cubism. A Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist, and stage designer, Picasso was considered radical in his be given. Born October 25, 1881, Malaga, Spain, and after a presbyopic productive career, he died April 8, 1973 in Mougins, France.This was my first time at the Museum of Modern Art I never went there because I never had e preciseone to go with me. I went with my cousin she is an art teacher and who better to go to the Museum of Modern Art with then an art teacher. When we first got to the museum there wasnt much to see in the lobby. We went on the escalator to the fifth floor were hundreds of people walking all idea-out the galleries. My cousin explained all the different types of art and artists to me as we were walking though the galleries. I s sack up up in the Alfred H. Barr Jr. Painting and Sculpture Galleries where I seen a painting from a French painter, Fernand Leger called Women with a Book I thought that was the painting that I wanted to do my report on, but when I seen art guide from Pablo Picasso like, The Studio, Ma Jolie and The Three Musician I was speechless. Some of his work that I seen at the museum was breathtaking, but one in particular caught my fondness it was the Les Demoiselles dAvignon.It is located in the Blanchette Hooker Rockefeller, Second Gallery. As you walk into the gallery, the Les Demoiselles dAvignon is the first painting you see, because of how large it is, and all the b respectable colors in the art work. When I seen the Les Demoiselles dAvignon in my art book I finished that it was a nice painting, but when I stood right in-front of it I was astonish. The Les Demoiselles dAvignon is not just a painting it truly is a master piece. in tha t location had to be about thirty people standing around the Les Demoiselles dAvignon and another twenty people face at the other art work in the room. Some people were just standing looking at the painting, some taking pictures.As I, started taking pictures of Les Demoiselles dAvignon I couldnt assistance but notice the painting to the right, it was called Repose and to the leftfield was another painting called the Two Nudes both are painted by Picasso. Les Demoiselles dAvignon are the womanhood of Avignon, the term demoiselles (meaning young ladies), was a euphemism for prostitutes and Avignon refers not to the French town but to a street in the red-light district of the city of Barcelona where Picasso was a young artist. (Art A Brief History), pg 532. Print. The dAvignon are actually five prostitutes, and these are five women naked. Theyre looking at us, as much as were looking at them. The very early studies show a sailor walking into this curtained room where the ladies sta nd and the woman on the far left straightaway has the traces of having been that man entering the room, and you can even feel a certain masculinity in the sort of sculptural carving of her body and the way that the very large foot is stepping toward the others.It almost seem like its a build-up of geometric stages, and if you look at the chest of the woman at the very top right, you can see one of these cubes making up the space underneath her chin up, thus the name Cubism. One striking aspect of this painting is the way that its staged on which these women are painted, is almost looming out at the viewer. Rather than feeling like these woman are nice and safely set stand in some kind of room, that you are peering into. I feel like the woman are almost piled on top of each other. Piled in such a way that the canvas is almost stepping out at the viewer. Its part of the desire of the painting to confront you, I think physically, psychologically, as well as intellectually with eve rything thats going on in it. Its painted in pink, peach flesh skin tones against a back drop of brown, fresh and blue curtains. The figures are very flat and theirs is little illusion that these are real bodies. Looking at the five figures from left to right, the woman to the far left is standing in profile facing right with her left hand she reaches up fag end her head to hold an orange brown curtain back.She has long straight black sensory hair falling down her back. Her head, from the neck up peers to be in shadow or sun-tan, its a darker brown than the pinkish flesh of her body. She stares straight ahead expressionless. Her right eye from the front view is large, simplified and out-lined in black with a black pupil surrounded by brown. Her right arm hangs stiffly by her side. Her breast jets forward in a ruff square shape. Beside this figure, in the center of this painting are devil women looking directly forward, straight out of the canvas. Their black eyes are wide and u neven. Their left eye brows extend a sweeping line to form simplify jimmys. Their mouths are straight lines.The one on the left raises her bent right elbow and places her hand behind her head, as if posing seductively. Her black hair is pulled back and falls behind her left shoulder. Her breasts are half circles none of the womens breast has nipples. The women on the right, raises both arms and puts both hands behind her hand. Her dark brown hair is pulled into a high bun. The last two figures dont fit in with the painting, they are unexpected. The one to the top right stands back, her raised arms parting the blue curtain on which shes coming out from. Her black hair hangs down her back one eye socket black and empty. Her nose, like her face is large and elongated, striped diagonally in green across her cheek, suggesting less the face of a human then the forms of an African mask.In front of her, is another woman she is sitting or squatting, elbow on one raised knee which jets forwa rd at the center of the painting almost looks as if her back is facing the viewer, but that is not true because her dark tan face is turned towards the viewer. She raises her arm to her face and beneath her chin is a large ambiguous form recalling a boomerang, it might be her hand, or a piece of melon shes eating. Her body is flat and her nose is also stripped. Her face looks like a mask, and she has one uneven eye completely white, the other completely blue. The drapery behind them doesnt hang restfully it looks like shatter pieces of glass with blue and white tones.In the center at the bottom of the painting are assorted fruits on a contract white cloth a pear, an apple, grapes and a slice of melon. The pear and apple have shrieks of red in them, the melon is reddish too and the grapes are grizzly white. In conclusion, my experience at the Museum of Modern Art was delightful. Walking through the museum and seeing ancient statues and painting from so many different decades was s o fulfilling. I didnt realize how much I enjoy looking at art work I just wanted to see more and more. I kept asking myself, how did they do this? How did they do that? What were they thinking when they paint this? Even though I didnt get all my answers I was like a sponge, soaking it all up. What a wonderful, amazing day. I will definitely go back.BibliographyCothren Michael W., and Marilyn Stokstad. Art A Brief History 4th ed. Page.531, 19-7. Acquired through the Lillie P. joy Bequest (333.1939) Laurence King Publishing Ltd, London. (2010-2007) Print.Museum of Modern Art 11 West 53 Street, New York, NY 10019. April 29, 2012 Pablo Picasso. Les Demoiselles dAvignon. 1907. Oil on canvas, 8 x 7 8 (243.9 x 233.7 cm). Acquired through the Lillie P. Bliss Bequest. 2003 Estate of Pablo Picasso/Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York. http//www.moma.org/ Web. (2012).

Domestic Violence Against Women Essay

Various types of relationships exist between work force and women. The status of women has endured a constant win over frankincense changing the way they argon perceived by well-nigh others in relationships. Despite numerous healthy relationships experienced, there are those which have negative consequences to those pertain unmatch qualified such relationship is that regarding municipal frenzy. The term domestic fierceness according to Walker and Gavin refers to an intimate relationship between two adults in which one partner uses a pattern of app both and intimidating acts to assert power and control over the other partner (Walker & Gavin, 2011).Within the context of this paper, domestic furiousness will refer to violent relationships between men and women where it is the women who are victimized. The purpose of this paper is tri-fold (1) to address the development of domestic vehemence and (2) to examine various attitudes regarding domestic violence and (3) to discuss wa ys in which society is dealing with the outlet of domestic violence. Emergence and Development According to feminists, strong patriarchal values held inwardly a society are linked with maturationd risk of harm towards women (Watto, 2009, p. 561).Patriarchy exists in most societies worldwide (Watto, 2009, p. 563). The term patriarchy refers to the father having sound authority of his family (Romito, 2008, p. 30). Within societys retaining this belief system, the wife and children are the fathers property (Romito, 2008, p. 146). Many findings have unquestion able according to Totten. He found 1) labor divided by sexual division to be normal 2) men are to conquer women as sexual objects 3) abusive way is a justified fee-tails for resolving conflict and 4) women should respect, obey and depend on men (Totten, 2003, p. ). Thus, one can conclude that family violence is linked to the political theory of patriarchy (Duffy & Momirov, 1997, p. 123). As well, it is important to note th at we brood in a society which religion is prevalent, the church agrees with patriarchy (L. Walker, personal communication, October 3rd, 2011). Duffy & Momiov (1997) state Their histories are united in the longstanding moral obligation of men, as com earthly concernded by the Church, to tick off that their wives and children behave themselves properly. Male violence may be legitimately employed to ensure such behavior.It is the patriarchs Christian duty to save their souls (p. 123). Furtherto a greater extent, considering society and the church agreed with the ideology of patriarchy, one can conclude that domestic violence was a nonpublic emergence and was unheard or spoken of. The division of labor which has strong historical roots in society contributes to women being victimized. During the industrial Revolution, men were seen as responsible for making the wage to support the family and the women was responsible for her role in the home as housekeeper and mother (Hutchings, 1992).Unfortunately, according to Hutchings (1992), a man may try to have more power by abusing his wife if he feels as though he is lacking employment in his occupation. It is the staminates financial contributions into his home that gives him the opportunity to abuse his wife (Hutchings, 1992). Contributing Factors Leading to Domestic Violence as an Issue Domestic violence against women would never have become an outlet if it wasnt for the development of feminism (Duffy & Momirov, 1997, p. 23). Feminism is divided into different waves.The two waves which had a connection to the development of an have a go at it of violence against women were one and two. It was prior to the development of the second wave of feminism, that domestic violence against women was thought to be a private issue that did not warrant a concern from the public (Blanchfield, Margesson, & Seelke, 2009, pg 1). The first wave occurred in Britain during the years of 1870-1930, it was concerned with womens ci tizen rights and the right to vote this wave lead to women gaining these rights (Charles, 2000, p. 22). Within this wave, women were concerned with being granted the vote (Crow & Gotell, 2009, p. 9). The second wave of feminism emerged in North American and Western Europe during the 1960s and pointed on womens tone ending (Charles, 2000, p. 1). During this wave, the feminists came to reckon that the state had the ability to demolish policies which affected women thus granting them certain rights (Charles, 2000, p. 5).Goals of the second wave were highlighted by Charles and deal with women raising domestic violence as an issue. He states During the 1970s, the endeavour formulated seven demands. These were for equal pay equal education and job opportunities detached contraception and abortion on demand free 24-hour urseries financial and legal independence an end to all discrimination against lesbians and a womans right to define her own sexuality freedom from bullying by threat or use of violence or sexual coercion, regardless of marital status, and an end to all laws, assumptions and institutions which perpetuate phallic dominance and mens aggression towards women (Charles, 2000, p. 1). Successes were gained from the development of feminism. Male privilege was partially removed with the success of the feminist movements (Crow & Gotell, 2009, p. 59).Womens opportunities increased in relation to jobs, benefits, education, independence and impressiveness (Crow & Gotell, 2009, p. 173). Due to womens gain of independence, they raised their expectations of men and were more unwilling to excuse unacceptable male behavior (Crow & Gotell, 2009, p. 173). With the changing of expectations held by women, domestic assault and rape laws were changes and policies which banned curse in the workplace were created and make common (Crow & Gotell, 2009, p. 59). Addressing the Issue The 1960s give rise to the battered womens movement (Schneider, 1991). prior(prenominal) t o the development of womens movement, battering of women was not recognized (Schneider, 1991). This movement viewed battering as a result of gender relations which reflected female subordination and male power (Schneider, 1991). This movement strived to decrease the silence surrounding the issue of maltreated women and decrease societys tolerance of the acts (Crow & Gotell, 2009, p. 170). Furthermore, this movement has provided public education to increase awareness, services to those involved and constructed legal remedies to address and relinquish the abuse (Schneider, 1991).Due to the increased awareness of abuse against women, the organisation of Canada has made an effort to decrease the occurrence. During whitethorn of 1981, the London Police were the first Canadian jurisprudence department to implement laying charges regarding spousal assault (Department of Justice, 2009). According to the Department of Justice (2009), In may 1982, the House of Commons Standing Committee on Health, Welfare and Social Affairs tabled its report, Report on Violence in the FamilyWife Battering.In it, the military commission noted that police training (at that time) generally instructed against the arrest of a batterer unless he was actually found hitting the victim or unless the victim had suffered injuries that were severe luxuriant to require a certain number of stitches. During July of 1982, the House of Commons suggested that Parliament push all police to lay charges for acts of wife beating considering they lay charges for other forms of assault (Department of Justice, 2009).It was also suggested in 1983 by the Federal Provincial Task Force on Justice for Victims of Crime that there be written guidelines developed to direct officers to treat wife assault as a crime and that the act of prosecution be made without the womans consent (Department of Justice, 2009). Guidelines were issued to detonator prosecutors and police as to how to deal with spousal abuse by 198 6 from the Attorneys General and Solicitors General (Department of Justice, 2009). These guidelines required police to file charges if they had evidenceable grounds to cogitate the women had been assaulted (Department of Justice, 2009).The Government of Canada has been making adjustments to current bills. Bill C-15 was reintroduced in March of 2001 with the proposal of increasing the sentence of criminal harassment to ten years from the previous five year sentence (Department of Justice, 2009). Bill C-79 had been amended in December of 1999, to facilitate victims participation as well as that of the witnesses during the process of criminal justice (Department of Justice, 2009). For sample, before the accused can be released on bail, the safety device of the victim must be taken into account (Department of Justice, 2009).Bill C-27 was reformed and enforced in May of 1997 it redefined the definition of criminal harassment (Department of Justice, 2009). During a sentencing of the accused, Bill C-27 also requires that the courts take breaching of court orders into consideration (Department of Justice, 2009). Bill C-41 which discusses sentencing was amended in 1996 thus allowing women to render compensation for expenses accumulated from the needing to leave their house receivable to the abuse. (Department of Justice, 2009). Bill C-42 was reinforced during February of 1995 thus making it easier for victims to receive peace bring togethers.Individuals and the police are now able to request a peace bond on a victims behalf who is at risk of harm (Department of Justice, 2009). The penalty for violating a peace bond has been raised from half a year to two years (Department of Justice, 2009). The final bill reformed was Bill C-126 which created a new charge of criminal harassment known as anti-stalking (Department of Justice, 2009). Shelter programs have been a way of society trying to help women of domestic violence (Koss, etiolated & Kazdin, 2011, p. 185). The se programs have advanced a lot since they were introduced.Early shelters were scarcely able to offer temporary support in the form of beds (Koss, White & Kazdin, 2011, p. 185). Fortunately, shelter programs have advanced to offer more immediate services to the victims. Today, many of the programs offer emergency shelter, support groups, crisis lines which are open 24/7, counseling services, programs for children and advocacy for the victims (Koss, White & Kazdin, 2011, p. 185). Fortunately, shelters have educated victims on their rights and options, taught them about community resources, shown them additional safety strategies and given them hope for the future (Sullivan, OHalloran & Lyon, 2008).First response teams are in place to provide safety to victimized women. The team usually consists of social workers and/or trained advocates who assist police officers during or shortly after domestic violence arrests occur (Koss, White & Kazdin, 2011, p. 185). These teams promote the mes sage to abusers that legal consequences result from their harmful behavior and they also educate victims about resources and community services available (Koss, White & Kazdin, 2011, p. 185). Discussion in that location are many ways in which society suffers from domestic violence against women.Family relationships suffer severely when women endure these unhealthy relationships (Duffy & Momirov, 1997, p. 6). Family members are harmed as well (Duffy & Momirov, 19997, p. 6) for example observing violence can affect the observer in a physical, mental, and/or emotional manner. Victims of the violence may feel humiliated (Duffy & Momirov, 1997, p. 6). One reason a victim may feel humiliated is that the abuser is a loved one for whom they trust (Duffy & Momirov, 1997, p. 6). The humiliation is usually experienced not only by the victim but also the accused but this may occur at differing times (Duffy & Momirov, 1997, p. ).The victim is belike to experience shame due to the belief that t hey are being attacked (Duffy & Momirov, 1997, p. 6). Considering society doesnt want to experience negative emotions, the victims and/or accusers may try to avoid the feeling of shame thus leading to the possibility of them becoming violent (Duffy & Momirov, 1997, p. 6). The act of violence also affects those who witness it (Duffy & Momirov, 1997, p. 6). Those who have witnessed violence and then engage in relationships with others are likely to realize that their relationships are tainted (Duffy & Momirov, 1997, p. ). Due to these tainted relationships, institutions such as the police, the penal system, social services and the courts get involved with the issue to try and exhibit the cycle (Duffy & Momirov, 19997, p. 6). Individuals fail to intervene in conflicts of domestic violence due to existent stereotypes.Many people still feel as though the issue is still a private matter, should only be dealt and discussed within the family and this it is a minor offence (Berry, 2000, p. 23). Unfortunately, people also cerebrate they are helpless and cannot stop it issue from occurring (Berry, 2000, p. 3). Many people still believe that the issue is rare, thus they may train them self to believe it isnt really occurring (Berry, 2000, p. 22). It is believed by some that women are naturally passive and men are to be inherently aggressive, therefore abuse is inevitable and part of human nature (Berry, 2000, p. 23). Some believe that the women provoke the violence through getting angry at the man, nagging, or speaking their minds thus leading to the women deserving to be beaten (Berry, 2000, p. 22).Furthermore others believe it is a problem due to increased poverty or stress, thus making it limited to those of a lower class (Berry, 2000, 23). Despite the negative consequences women spunk in these abusive relationships with men, some choose to not research help. Many women may feel as though they are forced to stay in these relationships to avoid becoming a lone mothe r living a life of poverty (Crow & Gotell, 2009, p. 85). One can understand why women may concern becoming victims of poverty because despite their wages increasing, they still earn far less than men (Crow & Gotell, 20009, p. 5). Walikhanna (2009) has many thoughts of why women stay 1) women may keep the issue silent for the sake of their children 2) education or training may be lacking thus they are dependent on the man 3) they may believe the abuse is part of their fate or a way of living (p. 72).The women may fear the man will seek revenge (Department of Justice, 2009). Victims may live in isolated communities or face communication, cultural or language barriers (Department of Justice, 2009). Furthermore, these are but few of the reasons the issue is still prevalent thus the politics are unable to intervene. Sometimes strategies engaged prove to be ineffective. During the beginning of an abusive relationship, the women usually employ various strategies to diminish the violence (Denmark, Rabinowitz & Sechzer, 2005, p. 398). They may song the police, seek the help of family members or the church, turn to their doctors or try to change their characteristics which the man criticizes (Denmark, Rabinowitz & Sechzer, 2005, p. 396).Unfortunately, they men will find other ways to criticize the women, the police may only diffuse the present situation, family members and/or the church may advise the women to do everything in the relationship to salvage their families and doctors may respond to the women with dormancy pills, antidepressants and tranquilizers (Denmark, Rabinowitz & Sechzer, 2005, p. 396). Future Outcome Despite all the changes society has implemented, more needs to be done to make this issue non-existent. Lots of cases in which the women are abused go unreported to police but fortunately the reported cases have increased (Department of Justice, 2009).Presently, the stigma once attached to women who admit to being victimized and seek help has declined (Berry, p. 22). Fortunately, as more stories make public awareness, their attitudes regarding the issue their attitudes are changing they are becoming more aware of its detrimental effects as well as the negative consequences of not getting involved (Berry 1995). Community implemented programs attacking domestic violence has also seen amazing results (Berry, 1995, p. 27). The effectiveness of all future outreach programs depend on the communities attitudes (Sen, 1999, p. 37).It has been suggested that all money used to stop domestic violence has promoted the victim instead providing social solutions (Sen, 1999, p. 37). For Example the accused are threatened with a jail sense instead of trying to change the mans ideology which causes to seek power though the use of violence and intimidation (Sen, 1999, p. 37). Futhermore it has been thought that men who abuse women do not believe they are criminals one study found that 80 percent of those accused has no previous contact with the law (Sen, 1999, p. 36).Unfortunately, recognizing an abuser is not easy (Walikhanna, 2009, p. 3), therefore one way of intervening in cases of domestic violence is being able to recognize the signs. Signs of a women being abused take on being anxious or afraid to please their man, doing everything he says, going along with what he does, women checking in with their partner often to report their actions, constant harassing telephone calls or the women discussing her partner as possessive, jealous or having a temper (Smith & Segal, 2011). Signs of physical use include having frequent accidental injuries, constant absences without explanations, and wearing clothing which hides marks (Smith & Segal, 2011).Signs of isolation include restrictions to see friends and family, limited access to credit cards, money or a vehicle and rarely being allowed in public without their partner. Furthermore, another type of abuse to observe for is psychological. Signs include low self-esteem, depression, a nxiousness, being suicidal and expression of forceful personality changes (Smith & Segal, 2011). Despite various signs to observe to identify abuse, it is important to note that these are only signs, just because an individual is experiencing a sign does not mean she is a victim of abuse.These signs are only listed to better help society identify victims. Conclusion This paper discussed the changing of domestic violence from that of a private issue to becoming a public issue. Various attitudes, beliefs and interventions were also discussed. Feminists believe societys emphasis on patriarchal values is linked to women being victimized by men (Watto, 2009, p. 561). Victimization of women is shown through the division of labour. The emergence of feminism lead to domestic violence of women becoming recognized as an issue (Duffy & Momirov, 1997, p. 3). Feminism gained successes in relation to various issues. One of their great victorys which had violence against women recognized as an is sue arose from the battered womens movement in the 1960s (Schneider, 1991). Following increased awareness of the problem, the Government of Canada has implemented various interventions to try and rid the country of the problem. Not only are women victims in this practice but so is society as a whole. Stereotypes are still present causing witnesses not to intervene.Some victims choose not to seek help despite the impact is has on them negatively. Unfortunately, there are victims who try to get help but are unsuccessful. Furthermore, despite all the progress made which deems this behavior unacceptable, it will continue to exist until more progress can be reached. In an effort to rid the future of the problem, emphasis needs to focus on societys attitudes and beliefs as well as being able to recognize possible signs of abuse. Nevertheless, this will hopefully rid society of the issue and if not then hopefully make it one that is near non-existent.

Learning From Failure: Biosphere Ii Essay

Biosphere II was a project done in Arizona received credit rating on 26th September 1991. Eight people four men and four women were used in the experiment. Biosphere 2 was an air tight structure with its plant made of steel pan and surrounded by an above ground structure that was made of glass and steel. Inside the biosphere was all that could be found in the real world. There was a desert, a marsh, a rain forest, a savannah, an agricultural land, an ocean and human Habitat. This was in an effort of creating something close to the earths ecosystem. These people were to live on air, water and food produced by plants (Allen & Blake, 2007).The goals of the experiment were to determine the possibility of building an artificial biosphere and the potential of such biosphere surviving. as well encase the biosphere didnt thrive consequently the causes would take been established. However, Biosphere II proved to be a great failure which had consumed a lot of resources in its establishme nt. Trouble started before long as the crew got into biosphere II. First, they experienced a shortage in oxygen supply hindering them from functioning well. The oxygen decreased to low takes such that more of it had to be injected into the system.When the crew were forced to pump in more oxygen into the system in order to sustain them, this indicated that biosphere II was not self reliant. At first they did not figure out what the problem was but they later discovered that was caused by carbon dioxide which had accumulated in the system. The carbon dioxide accumulated at a very high rate especially in the savanna and rain forest regions. This was associated with the presence of high organic matter which the microbes metabolized and in the address consumed a lot of oxygen resulting to high levels of carbon dioxide.It was also expected that the trees would play a very crucial usance in regulating touchstone of carbon dioxide in the air and would have been able to supply the crew with sufficient oxygen through the process of photosynthesis. However, the plants did not seem to accomplish this role instead the level of oxygen kept on decreasing while carbon dioxide kept on increasing a phenomenon that was later discovered to have been caused by concrete that was used to build the biosphere II.Instead of carbon dioxide being used up by plants it reacted with calcium hydroxide a major parcel of concrete which resulted to formation of water and calcium carbonate. This was confirmed by the scientists after testing the walls and realizing that the inner surface of the walls had calcium carbonate levels which were ten times the level of the outer walls (Alling, Nelson &Silverstone, 1993). While making their selection, the scientists had chosen different species of animals, insects and plants that they thought would survive best in the biosphere II.However, by the end of the project only a a couple of(prenominal) species had managed to survive. The rate of extinct ion was higher than predicted and most insect species got extinct which had a negative impact on the plants since they were no longer pollinated and thus were unable to permeate themselves. Statistics show that of the 25 species of small vertebrates present in Biosphere II only 6 survived by the end of the mission. However some species were favored by the environs in biosphere II. While opposites got extinct ants, cockroaches and katydids flourished together with some plant species such as the morning glory.The morning glory grew vigorously that it almost choked the other plants. The crew had no alternative but invested most of their time working to get food. They experienced a shortage in food supply and go about hunger most of the time. Before the two year period ended the crew had grown 85 percent of the food they consumed and got the remaining15 percent food from their compulsion supplies. Since they relied on sunlight which came through the glass to grow food, the winters of 1991 and 1992 affected the amount of food they could grow (Marino, Odum &Thomas, 1999).This proved that the project was incapable of sustaining an ecosystem that was balanced. They also faced motley challenges some of which included shortage in clean water. This was as a result of pollution experienced in the water system. Many nutrients accumulated in the water systems in that respectfore polluting it. They had to clean their water using algae mats. Other atmospheric imbalances followed suit where by levels of dinitrogen oxide in the air increased in an scare rate such that the crew risked brain damage because vitamin B12was synthesized at an extremely slow rate (Allen & Blake, 2007).The experiments shortcomings were also seen when the crew quarreled. The members were supposed to work together as a group in order to bring out the best results but this never happened. Instead they split into groups comprising four members each and got to the point of not talking to each other except when it was necessary to run the biosphere. The lessons that can be learnt from this failed experiment come from the mistakes committed by the scientists. First we learn the splendor of taking time to plan whatever we intend to do.Before attempting any thing one should take all measures required for proper functioning of the project. Also another critical factor to consider is the reliability of the materials and equipment to be used in the project (Alling, Nelson &Silverstone, 1993). If proper materials had been used in construction of the biosphere II then the problem of insufficient oxygen could not have occurred. The importance of using qualified personnel also arises. They used an architect who was incompetent this resulted to designing biosphere II with many faults.However what can be learnt from this experiment in general is the importance of relating well with each other. For any thing to succeed then there should be cooperation among people concerned this translates to excellent working conditions which leads to better outcome.References Allen J. & Blake A. (2007) Biosphere 2 the human experiment . New York Viking publishers. Alling A. , Nelson M. & Silverstone S. (1993) Life under Glass The Inside fabrication of Biosphere 2. Oracle Biosphere Press. Marino B. D. , Odum H. & Thomas M. (1999) Biosphere 2 Research Past and Present Amsterdam Elsevier publishers.

Historical inaccuracies in Ridley Scott’s film `Gladiator Essay

In recent geezerhood the emergence of pictorial mattermakers who expressed interest in adapting diachronic events as wide-screen presentations has revitalized public interest on diachronic events. But the usual problem is that the general publics view usu totallyy gets warp due to contemporary motion picturemakers nasty habit of utilizing their artistic license to its full extent More often than not, adaptations of historical events like Ridley Scotts gladiator offers a glimpse of early civilizations merely neglects the aspect of historical accuracy which in turn cannibalizes scholarly efforts to reconcile public interest in the real historical events.The glitz and glamour of commercial cinema is in large dissolve responsible for the historical inaccuracies of Ridley Scotts Gladiator. Martin Winkler (17) suggests that the reason behind a historical films departure from its origins is that the fiction which causes the inaccuracy is what sparks viewer interest in the first pl ace. In accordance to Winklers theory, the elements incorporated in Gladiator contributes to the films historical infidelity its principal characters, chronology, production design, and supposed intent of exhibiting the au and thentic life and culture of Imperial capital of Italy, has been diluted by the filmmakers aesthetics.As per what the film entails, the grammatical construction of the Gladiators narrative appears to be drastically shortened. Commodus reign was marked by numerous assassination plots, including a scheme that involved her own babe Lucilla, all accounts of murdering the treacherous emperor have neither been established nor even mentioned in the film.Historical accounts further suggest that Commodus reign ended 13 eld later upon his assassination (Boatw rectify, Gargola, & Talbert 405-406), the film, on the other hand, although the time frame of events were never actually mentioned or given much attention, it illustrated that Commodus reigned no more than two ye ars (Ward 33). The film also depicts that Emperor Commodus died in a prizefighterial duel with Maximus, obviously in a coliseum, with the intent of bringing back democracy to Rome and re-establishing the country as a republic.While the 73rd book of Cassius Dios eye-witness account of Roman History imparts that a wrestler who popularly went by the name Narcissus choked the life out of Commodus, and the incident happened in the emperors bath. The films characters also share an extent of inaccuracy with the actual historical personalities from which they are derived from. Evidently, from bearing to characteristics, the films Commodus did not reflect the Roman Emperor whom history recognized.Primarily, Commodus, in the film, is bequeathed as a dark hared man in his mid 20s who fights with his right hand and has an underdeveloped physique (Ward 33). While the historical Emperor Commodus was and 18-year old blonde with a healthful developed physique and fought with his left hand (Kyle 224-227). Likewise, the actual description of Commodus personal traits was inconsistent with the film as the historical Commodus was notorious for his corruption, violence, and lust for blood.The film shows the aforementioned characteristics through Commodus fixations on sports much(prenominal) as beast-hunting, chariot-racing, and gladiator combat as well as his claims to have won over 1,000 battles (Ward 32). However, Scotts incarnation contradicts the true nature of the roman emperor as he is characterized by his guiltless lack of e gesture and compassion, ruthlessness, cowardice, and mental instability (Hekster 53-56). Contrary to the films illustration that Lucilla had an 8-year old son named Lucius Verus, Allan M.Wards Gladiator in Historical Perspective entails that, historically, the son who went by the name Lucius Verus died during infancy. Also, Lucilla gave birth to three children during her conjugal union with Lucius Verus Marcus and only one of the three children sur vived and grew up, an unidentified daughter who became part of the assassination scheme against Commodus. Lucilla, however, bore a son but she did so in her marriage, with Tiberius Claudius Pompeianus, and the boys name was Aurelius Commodus Pompeianus who was 6-years old during the time of the films events.Similarly, the reason behind the strained father-daughter relationship between Lucilla and Marcus was the latters arrangements of a second marriage for his widowed daughter. Apart from the disrespecting reality that the second marriage occurred only 9 or ten moths after Verus demisae as well as the tremendous gap between the couples ages (Lucilla was 19 period Claudius Pompeianus was approximately in his 50s), Lucilla also felt undignified by the fact that her new spouse came from a family of provincial equestrians in Antioch, Syria (Ward 33-34).However, the film did not took such event into account leaving the reason behind the cold relationships between the former emperor and former Augusta vague (Ward 33-34). The films cardinal character Maximus Decimus Meridius, is a fictional character based on the archetypes of able-bodied men from the far reaches of the empires jurisdiction who served as the materialization of Marcus Aurelius persist idea of using men beneficial to the imperial cause (Ward 38).To a similar extent, Maximuss character is attributed to two recognizable Roman political and array personalities, Marcus Nonius Macrinus who was one of Marcus Aurelius closest friends and Tiberius Claudius Pompeianus who was partly responsible for the Roman triumph over Marcomannic War in the films beginning (Popham). George Depue Hadzsits (70) suggests that a film such as Gladiator is more likely to revive interest in the subject of history considering that scholarly efforts simply produce fragments of history which does not commit the human yearning for knowledge.Hadzsits furthers that despite such visual spectacles temporal didactic value and lack of a ttention on the angle of accuracy, at least the interest for the subject matter is roused (Hadzsits 71). The problem with Gladiator, conversely, is that its revival of interest in Roman History, or ancient world history for that matter, seems to delineate the supposed spreading of ancient Roman culture and alters it with norms that the filmmaker deems right.In terms of production design, the armour and weaponry worn and yielded by the gladiators appear to have a gothic design rather than Roman. Allan Ward (39) writes that gladiators had already been placed under categories like eques or horseman, provocator which is believed to be the term for challenger, murmillo or what is considered as water combatants, hoplomachus or gladiators who pull off heavy weaponry, retiarius the net fighters, and secutors or contraretriarius otherwise characterized as the light armed fighters.However, Ward (39) argues that the film does not seem to highlight the distinctions between gladiators as all of the competitors generally wore the same armour with little differences in weapons of choice. Ward furthers that each fighter category comes with a different set of weapons and armour as well as a different style in combat. The matches between two gladiators are dependent of their category and fighting abilities, a secutor, for instance was often matched with a retriarius, perhaps due to the resemblance in the nature of their weapons and battle skills.Moreover, gladiators within a similar category were not paired to pit against each other, with the censure of the horsemen and the challengers. As mentioned earlier, one of the premises tied with Gladiator is the tendency to rouse interest on the life and culture of ancient Rome, but in this mount the film is also inaccurate. James R. Keller (88) implicates that Gladiator imposes the American devotion to the principles of democracy.Initially, the final confrontation between Maximus and Commodus should incite the cultural importance of gladiatorial combat in ancient Rome, however, the re-arranged plot of the film that caused the conflict between the former general and the treacherous emperor to fail in its attempt to do so. The conflict then suggests that Maximus represents every working class, freedom loving American while Commodus serves as the embodiment of the corrupt, insensitive, and inconsiderate aristocrat (Keller 88).In its inaccurate entirety, Gladiator has proven itself to be more of a costume drama adaptation rather than a re-telling of an antiquated historical tale. Despite the filmmakers efforts to conduct research and seek consultation for germane(predicate) information about the films source, the direction remained in the production peoples perspective and not with the scholarly one as the motion picture continued with the re-arranged biographical information of the characters and the reformatted events in the lives of the characters. In addition, the film simply delivered a visual spectacle r ather than a knowledgeable historical fact. Martin M.Winkler (204-205) writes that film producers and other individuals concerned with marketing cultural products habitually call on scholars to guide them in marketing historical films. This is, in large part, brought about by producers beliefs that scholar credibility is enough to amplify the promised prestige and revenue of their product. Scholarly prestige according to Winkler is mainly vital as a marketing strategy, but a more appropriate term seems to be deceptive advertising as investing parties and supposed artists convince the public of the accuracy of their distorted historical documentation with the aid of renowned experts

First Quarter Book Analysis on Great Expectations Essay

In Charles Dickens Great Expectations, smirch, the main protagonist in the story, is very expansive and yearns to bring forth a gentle worldly cin one casern. He wants to better himself and rise above his humble origins in look forward tos of winning over his contend Estella. mop up is besides a very kind military personnel and cares about the ones who are close to him. However, he is also a very arrogant man, and he does non see what his arrogance costs him, until he learns that true happiness in spiritedness does not keep abreast from wealth or status. speckle has an terrific desire to be throw in a gentleman, to put up his status in life, and to impress the beautiful girl Estella who he has f eitheren in love with her due to her charming appearance. He demonstrates this distinction on many occasions. such(prenominal) as when he tells Biddy that he is not happy as I am I am disgusted with my calling and with my life, and I want to be a gentleman. He also displays his idealism as he strives to educate himself and compel uncommon, by having Biddy impart all her learning to me it appeared to me that it would sham time to be stimulate uncommon nevertheless I resolved to try it. He further exhibits this trait by continually trying to win over Estella even though she only gives him discomfort boththing in our intercourse did give me pain.I could put no trust in it, and build no hope on it and yet I went on against trust and against hope. In his idealistic desire to become a gentleman and to win over Estella he believes he will resilient a much happier life once his goal is achieved. straps ambitiousness, however, is replaced with contentment as experience reveals to him that happiness is not gained by dint of being a gentleman and that the true beauty of a person lies within their heart and not in their outward appearances.Pip is also a very kind man. He displays his kindness in trying to help his friend Herbert out of debt by helping his busine ss ventures begin how I could dress hat try with my resources to help Herbert to some present income and gradually buy him on to some small partner send off. Pip also displays kindness in his actions towards Magwitch as he constantly worries for his safety Were I might go, what I might do, or when I might return, were questions utterly unknown to me nor did I vex my mind with them, for it was all set on Proviss safety. After the failed attempt to smuggle Magwitch out of the country, Pip continues to get down him every day when he is in prison as he tells him I will never hustle from your side when I am suffered to be near you. Please God I will be true to you, as you have been true to me. Pip was true to his promise and was faithful to Magwitch to the day of his death.Pip is also very arrogant in his actions this is seen in his un refreshing discourse towards Joe and Biddy when he has come of great expectations. When Joe comes to visit Pip, his feeling towards this was not with pleasure and if I could have kept him a government agency by paying money, I certainly would have paid money. He did not think there was anything depressive disorder and small in my keeping away from Joe and he almost wants nothing to do with him even though he was bound to him by so many ties. He also displays his arrogance in his treatment towards Biddy. When he asked Biddy why she received him coming down here often to see Joe with a marked silence Biddy asks him if he in fact will come down often, to which Pip took insult to, as a very bad side of human nature even though he knows he wont come back Once more the mists were rising if they discover to me that I should not come back all I can say is, they were quite right.However, Pip does not remain arrogant and a change overtakes him. After his encounter with Magwitch his benefactor, he realizes the true expenditure of his companions and how wrong he was in his treatment towards them my repugnance to him had melted away I onl y sawing machine a man who meant to be my benefactor and who felt affectionately, gratefully, and generously towards me with a great consistency finished a series of years. I only saw in him, a much better man than I had been to Joe. Pip has become humbled by his experience and decides he will return to the word to marry Biddy. However, in his arrogance in trying to win over Estella and casting Biddy and Joe aside, he was too late, as Biddy had married Joe. However Pip is changed by his mistakes and is now very grateful towards Joe and Biddy and sorry for his treatment towards them, receive my humble thanks for all you have done for me, and all I have so ill repaid and now pray tell me, both, that you forgive me Through his experiences he is now a humble man and not the ungrateful arrogant person he once was.Pip was a very kind man., but he was also arrogant and vainly idealistic in thinking the way to better himself was through wealth and status. These traits, through his experi ences, are transformed and he is now humble and content, as he learns a hard lesson that true happiness does not come from wealth or status, as was his idealistic view, but from a contentment that comes only from within. Pip has become a true gentleman.In Charles Dickens Great Expectations, the main character of the story, Pip, struggles personally with a man vs. self-conflict as he struggles about his status in life. This conflict within him begins after a visit to the Satis house, where he meets Miss Havisham and Estella. He is greatly offended by Estellas insults towards him what plebeian hands he has. And what thick boots and he begins to feel ashamed of his personal appearance, I took the opportunity to look at my coarse hands and common bootsThey had never troubled me before, but they troubled me now, as vulgar appendages. He also begins to feel ashamed of his upbringing I wished Joe had been more genteelly brought up, and then I should have been so too. This continues as Est ella brings him food and a mug of beer and does not even look at him, much the way one would feed a stray dog, leaving Pip feeling utterly dejected, I was so humiliated, hurt, spurned, offended, angry, sorry I cannot hit upon the right name for the smart God knows what the name was. Pip hangs his interrogation and cries in shame.This conflict intensifies over the course of one year, as Pip grows more ashamed of his root, a place that once afforded him comfort. Its a most miserable thing to be ashamed of home But, Joe had sanctified it, and I believed in it now it was all coarse and common. As his status changes, the conflict continues to come to the fore after he has come to great expectations. In his rise to property he believed that he would live a much happier life as a gentleman No more low idiotic grounds, no more dykes and sluices, no more of these grazing cattle henceforth I was for London and richness not for smiths work. However, he did not live a happy life, and his conscience plagued him As I had grown accustomed to my expectations Their influence on my own character I knew very swell that it was not at all good. I lived in a chronic state of uneasiness in my behavior towards Joe. My conscience was not by any means comfortable about Biddy. He in fact was living quite miserably We were always more or less miserable I detested the chambers beyond expression, I should have been happier if I had risen to manhood content to be partners with Joe in the old honest go.Pips conflict reaches its stop and outcome when he discovers his benefactor. The climax is reached upon discovering that Magwitch, the convict he met so long ago in the marshes, is indeed his benefactor the dread I had of him could not have been exceeded if he had been some terrible beast. He now wishes that he had never come of his expectations and realizes what a fool he was O, that he had never come That he had left me at the forge far from contented, yet, by comparison happy I began to fully know how wrecked I was, and how the ship in which I sailed was gone to piecesBut, sharpest and deepest pain of all it was for the convict that I had deserted Joe. His conflict reaches its resolution after Magwitch is arrested and his expectations have departed. However, he is able to see the good in Magwitch and began to care for him greatly as his repugnance to him had melted away. He finally realizes that he does not need wealth, nor does he need to elevate his status, in order to be happy. As he lived happily and lived frugally with his dear friend Herbert, he is no longer ashamed of his humble beginnings and is content with his place in society.